ELETRODOS ENVOLTOS EM CONCRETO
Maria do Carmo Jampaulo Plácido Palhaci
Délio Pereira Guerrini
Encorajados pelo sucesso alcançado por ocasião do lançamento da Revista Educação Gráfica, edição especial em Abril próximo passado, apresentamos agora a versão de número 1. Neste número, reunimos artigos, ensaios e estudos produzidos por docentes pesquisadores da Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação da UNESP – Campus de Bauru e especialistas convidados. O projeto gráfico é de autoria da Designer Cássia Letícia Carrara Dominiciano; a capa, a identidade visual é de autoria da Designer Milton Nakata e a editoração realizada pelo acadêmico de Desenho Industrial Fernando José da Silva, aos quais registramos nossos agradecimentos pela prestimosa colaboração.
A Educação Gráfica a partir desta edição conta com o ISSN 1414-3895 (International Standard Serial Number) concedido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia – IBICT, órgão vinculado ao MCT/CNPq. Agradecemos a todos que colaboraram na produção desta edição, principalmente àqueles que participaram com seus trabalhos, enriquecendo dessa forma o cervo intelectual da comunidade universitária unespiana.
Prof. Dr. Paulo Kawauchi (Professor do Departamento de Representação Gráfica – FAAC – UNESP)
RESUMOS
APTIDÃO AGRÍCOLA E SUSTENTABILIDADE À EROSÃO DAS TERRAS DA BACIA DO RIO CORUMBATAÍ ATRAVÉS DE SISTEMAS DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Abstract
The Corumbatai Basin located in the Northeast of São Paulo State, between parallels 22º05' and 22º30' S and meridians 47º30' and 47º50' WG, has its lands assessed for soil erodibility and agricultural aptitude, using the specialist software SAMPA 2.0 developed by São Paulo State University (UNESP) researchers for automatíc land evaluation using soil and topographic information. The results obtained, maps and charts, led to the following conclusions: a) Lands with fair aptitude for long cycle cultures (fruits, sugarcane, etc.), pasture and forestry, and restricted/unfit for short cycle cultures (grain, vegetables, etc.) are pre-dominant; b) Main land limitations for short cycle cultures are a consequence of the predominance of sand texture soils, with low fertility, medium to high aluminum toxicity, low water store capability and moderate to high erosion susceptibility; c) About 53% of the area present moderate to high soil erosion susceptibility and 35.5% present very high to excessive susceptibility.
Keywords: Land evaluation, soil erosion, rural planning, GIS, Corumbatai basin.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO SISTEMA MÉTRICO FRANCÊS NA ORTOGONALIDADE DAS CIDADES
Abstract
The aím of this work is to show the relevance of the french metric system for the urban regular configuration of brazilian cities, since the 19 th century. Differing from Spanish America, the orthogonal design has been found in the country only after this period. This kind of design appears not only in streets and blocks, but also in parceling.
Keywords: Urban Configuration, History of cities, Parceling, Metric System.
Palavras-chave: Configuração Urbana, História das Cidades, Parcelamento, Sistema Métrico.
DESEJO DE GEOMETRIA
Abstract
The text deals with the origin of some topics related to architectural project and town planning, introducing the conception of a diferent space, considers conception in the forms of representation themselves, such as design, geometry and perspective.
Keywords: Architecture, Urbanism, Town Planning, Project, History, Geometry.
Palavras-chave: Arquitetura, Urbanismo, Projeto, História, Geometria.
ERGONOMIA A FERRAMENTA DO DESIGNER NO EQUACIONAMENTO DO BINÔMIO HOMEM/MÁQUINA
Abstract
Ergonomics nowadays is one of the vital tools which the Industrial Designer has at his disposal to design objects composing our everyday universe. Man is the user of these objects, from the manipulation of a pin to interaction within large work places; ergonomics itself will minimise factors such as fatigue, providing a rational equilibrium in the Man/Machine binomial. Because of its recent appearance, ergonomics is outstanding in the Man/Objects interaction and in our country gets status of merit and applicability among those professional who devote themselves to the living Man and his surroundings.
Keywords: Design, Ergonomics, Anthropometric.
Palavras-chave: Desenho Industrial, Ergonomia, Antropometria.
ELEMENTOS BIOMECÂNICOS PARA UMA ADEQUADA POSTURA DE TRABALHO: PARÂMETROS APLICADOS AO PROJETO DE CARTEIRAS DA PRÉ-ESCOLA
Abstract
To research, analyse and determine parameters for an adequate work posture are one of the principal aspects in Design and Ergonomics research, especially when treating development and design of products such as, for instance, the pre-school desk. Observations "in loco" and the specialised bibliography present basic arguments for this research. Thus, to analyse work posture in the school desk and to determine minimum conditions for comfort and physical well-being, minimum considerations are presented which represent a prelimínary series of basic requisites for the intervention of the designer in work concerning school furniture.
Keywords: Design, Work Place, Pre-school.
Palavras-chave: Design, Posto de trabalho, Pré-escola.
AS FERRAMENTAS DO PENSAMENTO E A PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO
Abstract
The present work was developed with the purpose of making a reflexion about post-graduation system "strictus sensus" in Brazil, by the analysis of great knowledge areas. lt takes philosofy, sciences and arts areas like as center of knowledge for post- graduation development. This paper points aristotelic formalism, existent at once in the works of Galileu Galilei, Francis Bacon and Renné Descartes, as the only way to guarantee consistent academic work.
Keywords: Post-graduation, academic works.
Palavras-chave: Pós-graduação, trabalhos acadêmicos.
A ESTRATÉGIA DAS MALHAS
Abstract
This is the result of research into the system of computerised graphic representation related to two-dimensional geometric structures, formed by regular polygons. These are modules which, organised symmetrically by means of translation, cover infinitely a two-dimensional surface.
Keywords: Meshes, structure, modulesm fractal, popular housing, computer graphics.
Palavras-chave: Malhas, estruturas, módulos, fractal, casa popular, computação.
FORMAÇÃO ACADÊMICA DO DESENHISTA INDUSTRIAL NA ÁREA DE INFORMÁTICA
Abstract
The arrival of computer graphics techniques and the microcomputer is revolutionizing the design business, which demands change in the university courses of drawing and design. This analysis goes through the profile of Industrial Design's academic format, and proposes a new dimension in the area of Informatic Technology, to accompany labor market requirements, and software and hardware in use. Research performed in companies where university qualified industrial designers work, showed IT used by them as a precious working tool.
Keywords: Graphic Computation, Industrial Design.
Palavras-chave: Computação Gráfica, Desenho Industrial.
EXEMPLO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIVERSAS FERRAMENTAS NA CRIAÇÃO DE IMPRESSOS: UM SIMPLES TOQUE...
Abstract
Progressive improvements in the compatibility between different programs developed for the PC, are making the interchange of images and other data between varIous softwares easier all the time. The flexibility thus provided stimulates creativity in the preparation of composite pages, and permits a great variety of rapid modifications to the visual elements. The development of a folder to publicise a medical ínstrument, was chosen to demonstrate options for the application of images from diverse sources through a wide range of alternative paths, to finally converge in the Layout editing file.
Keywords: Computer Assisted Design, Computer graphics, Software compatibility.
Palavras-chave: CAD, Computação Gráfica, Compatibilidade.
COMPUTAÇÃO GRÁFICA: UMA APLICAÇÃO NA ARQUITETURA
Abstract
The author presented her interdisciplinary Graduation Project as an example of the use of AutoCAD Release 12 and other software, as tools for the development of an architectural project. The project, fundamentally one of landscape architecture, used as area for the development of administrated urban parkland, the 50 thousand hectare Agua Comprida valley in Bauru. The whole proposal was elaborated with the help od Computer Graphics. The presentation demonstrated the transference of maps from one software to another. AutoCAD -R 12 and Auto-Architect were used for the creation of the layers which compose the diverse phases of the project, and the manner of inserting drawings into MS-Word files was also presented.
Keywords: Computer Graphics, Landscape.
Palavras-chave: Computação Gráfica, Paisagismo.
Abstract
This work deals with experimental research into an adequate teaching methodology for the discipline of Descriptive Geometry as taught in courses in the design area, especially that of Industrial Design: Product Design and Visual Programming, considering the impact which computer graphics technology offers as a new set of instruments in the area of graphic representation.
Keywords: Descriptive Geometry, Graphic communication, Computer graphics.
Palavras-chave: Geometria Descritiva, Comunicação Gráfica, Computação Gráfica.
Abstract
The dissertation suggest five propositions for computer graphics and presents a case study in which geometric problems concerning regular polygons are solved through traditional methods of drawing and through computer methods, analyzing and comparing both treatments. The conclusion is presented as a suggestion of allying the graphic structures of Analytic Geometry, as one of the ways of facilitating the learning of drawing trhough the computer.
Keywords: Drawing, Geometry, Computation Graphics.
Palavras-chave: Desenho, Geometria, Computação Grafica.
Abstract
The objective of this work was to test the efficiency of teaching material elaborated in previous research carried out during the years 1991 to 1994. This material was used in the Technical Drawing II classes presented to group 408C of the 5th term of the course of Industrial Design - Qualification in Product Design, of the Faculty of Architecture, Arts and Communication of UNESP - Bauru Campus. The group 408B of this same course, Qualification in Visual Programming, was used as control reference, where the classes were administered in traditional fashion, without the help of the said material. As a result it may be concluded that the use of the material served to substantially benefit the teaching of Technical Drawing, reducing the natural difficulty of the students and facilitating the work of the tearcher.
Keywords: Drawing Teaching, Didactic Material, Technical Drawing.
Palavras-chave: Ensino do Desenho, Material Didático, Desenho Técnico.
Abstract
With the arrival of the age of computers in the University, it becomes necessity to research and study in depth the structures of the laboratories that will be made available in the Campus of UNESP. The object of this paper is therefore to analyze as space for working with computers, and this will be useful as a pattern for future laboratories in Bauru. Just as the computer is known to be a tool that has advantages and disadvantages, being better for one type of activity than for another, so it adequacy depends also on human factors. With the knowledge that ergonomics is the science of the future, an attempt is made to adapt the machine to the MAN and not the MAN to the machine.
Keywords: Ergonomics, Place of work, Laboratory, Computer terminal.
Palavras-chave: Ergonomia, Posto de trabalho, Laboratório.
Abstract
The research of H.G.UFER, about the concrete around the metal, working as an electrode of the real landing are an important development for the tecnology of landing. WIENER, showed that the metal shaft around the concrete has a capacity of landing of current enough substantial and shorter than corrosion of the shaft directly buried.
The effectiveness of the concrete as a solo of uniform resistivity is proper of is alkaline composition and hygroscopic quality. This combination includes the condutivity demand for the ionic mobility of the mixture and the eletrolites. The dense quality inibits the dissolution and the concrete in the earth tends to drain the humidity of the solo keeping its proper content of high water, a condition of its proper low and uniform resistivity even under dry condition.
Keywords: Landing, Concrete around the metal.
Palavras-chave: Aterramento, metal envolto em concreto.
INTRODUÇÃO DE UMA NOVA TECNOLOGIA NO PROCESSO PROJETUAL - REFLEXÕES SOBRE A POSSIBILIDADE DE INTERAÇÃO SISTEMAS ESPECIALISTAS E O DESIGN
Abstract
Design of consumer productes received strong innovation due to the new tecnologies available. Design Technological change embraces computer systems, Expert Systems Program and a variety of CAD Systems. Professional concepts of are changing. The thinking process of project needs new framework. Classical design is based in artistic drawing process, new design follows the engineering drawing process and significance of the graphical representation. Based in the expert system for Industrial Design the paper presents reflexions about the impact of the new technologies.
Keywords: Design, New Processes of Graphic Representation, Specialist Systems, Conception of the Object.
Palavras-chave: Design, Novos processos de Representação Gráfica, Sistemas Especialistas, Concepção do Objeto.
Abstract
The intention of this article is to position drawing as language, means of representation, regaining an historic vision of the area. Passing through the classic phases of social development, from prehistory to the present day, drawing serves the most varied forms of representation of the world. On the contrary, however, the teaching of this discipline in primary and secondary schools, gradually abandons this wider approach and consequently that concept, restricting itself to mere mechanical and abstract geometric construction, totally unliked to social action. This results in a loss of its educational significance, leading to its exclusion from the school curriculum. Even taking as basis the geometric configurations, it is necessary to consider drawing as instrument of interpretation of the phenomena of the world in which we are placed.
Keywords: Drawing, language, representation, teaching.
Palavras-chave: Desenho, linguagem, representação, ensino.
(não apresenta abstract)
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